EPISODES: 52
SITE: Official (JPN)
ONE-LINER: this is how it really happened back then.
STORY: Hetalia: Axis Powers is a manga and anime series by Hidekaz Himaruya. The main historical events portrayed in this work occur between World War I and World War II. The series often uses satire and comedy to address well-known and lesser-known historical facts alike. Italy, once home of the strongest empire in the world, has changed. This is the story of Italy, now a cowardly pasta-loving fool, and his friends (other personified countries of the world) as they …

EPISODES: 12
DIRECTOR: Nobuaki Nakanishi
STUDIO: Dogakobo
AIR DATE: July 8, 2008
DVD: Search
SITE: Official (JPN)
STORY: Koihime Muso is adapted from the Japanese adult visual novel developed by BaseSon. Its theme is based on the Chinese novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The story follows the adventures of Kanu’u and Chouhi (Lin Lin), who travel ancient China defeating bandits and helping those in need. Both are skilled with pole arms but also share a common past. Kanu’u and Chouhi have both lost their family to bandits in the past. They …

EPISODES: 13
DIRECTOR: Koichi Ohata
STUDIO: ARMS
AIR DATE: June 11, 2008
DVD: Search
SITE: Official (JPN)
STORY: Preparing for the battles to come, tournaments and to fight against new opponents from all over the world, Hakufu is working to save enough money to make her dreams come true. A new girl appears who claims to be her younger sister. Her name is Sonken Chuubou but she knows nothing of their mother’s past and looks to Hakufu for guidance.
Also check out: Ikkitousen, Tenjo Tenge, Sekirei

Official Site

Ordinary high school student, Tokidoki Rikugo, has to take supplementary History classes, to boost his failing grade, at a state-of-the-art museum. This museum allows the visitor to use high-tech virtual reality to reconstruct a realistic Edo of the Bakumatsu period. However, once the simulation begins, Tokidoki is attacked by a strange creature. After something happens to his left eye, he realizes that he is not wearing the VR goggles – it is no longer a simulation; he’s trapped in the virtual world and has no way of getting back.

Official site

Main Article: Shigurui
In 1692, the shogun Tadanaga Tokugawa rules Japan during the Edo era. However, Tadanaga was know for his sadism and barbarically cruel acts. The story of Shigurui begins at the commencement of one of Tadanaga’s most well known acts of cruelty – a tournament between samurai that uses real swords.

Main Article:  Tale of Saiunkoku
Second season of Tale of Saiunkoku.

Main Article: Oh! Edo Rocket
Seikichi Tamaya is a young boy who has been devoting his life to making and inventing new and better fireworks. Seikichi returns home one day after spending the whole night of setting off his illegal fireworks, only to find a strange girl playing with a sparkler firework in his room. She has a special but odd request from Seikichi; she wants him to build a firework that can reach the moon.

A comedy based in the Edo era of Japan but with anachronisms.  For example, Yoshimune (the title character and also a shogun), rides around town in a Harley.  Also, all characters are drawn in chibi style.
www.yoshimune-anime.com

Main Article: Fuyu no Semi
Adapted from Youka Nitta’s manga of the same name.